What does it mean to 'lurk'?

The term "lurk" primarily refers to being hidden and waiting for something, which aligns perfectly with the definition of the word. It conveys a sense of stealthiness or cautious observation, often in a context where someone is waiting to take action or to observe others without being detected. This can commonly apply to various situations, including surveillance or even within certain contexts in law enforcement, where officers may need to observe a situation without revealing their presence.

In contrast, observing from a distance suggests a more passive form of watching, without necessarily implying the element of concealment or waiting for an opportunity. Speaking loudly captures a completely different action that is unrelated to lurking, while moving swiftly connotes speed rather than stealth. Thus, "lurking" specifically implies being hidden and awaiting the right moment to act or observe, making it the most accurate choice.